Vagant
- 개요: 가상머신을 쉽게 사용하게 해주는 도구
- 공식 사이트 Vagrant
- 지식 : UNIX, Ruby
- 도구 : Vagrant , VirtualBox / VMware / EC2
- 확인
vagrant —version
Vagrant 1.6.2
가상머신
가상머신을 만들어 보자.
- CentOS64를 이용해 보자.
- 우선 템플릿을 받는다.
> vagrant box init centos64
vagrant init centos64
A `Vagrantfile` has been placed in this directory. You are now
ready to `vagrant up` your first virtual environment! Please read
the comments in the Vagrantfile as well as documentation on
`vagrantup.com` for more information on using Vagrant.
Bringing machine 'default' up with 'virtualbox' provider...
==> default: Importing base box 'centos64'...
==> default: Matching MAC address for NAT networking...
==> default: Setting the name of the VM: myCentOSVM_default_1400596418688_49507
==> default: Clearing any previously set network interfaces...
==> default: Preparing network interfaces based on configuration...
default: Adapter 1: nat
==> default: Forwarding ports...
default: 22 => 2222 (adapter 1)
==> default: Booting VM...
==> default: Waiting for machine to boot. This may take a few minutes...
default: SSH address: 127.0.0.1:2222
default: SSH username: vagrant
default: SSH auth method: private key
default: Warning: Connection timeout. Retrying...
==> default: Machine booted and ready!
==> default: Checking for guest additions in VM...
==> default: Mounting shared folders...
default: /vagrant => /Users/mscho/Simon/vagrant/myCentOSVM
가상 머신의 정지, 재기동, 소거
- status 상태를 본다.
- suspend 잠자기에서 깨어난다.
- halt 중지 시킨다.
- up 기동 시킨다.
reload 재시동 시킨다.
destory 가상머신을 지운다.
status
vagrant status
Current machine states:
default running (virtualbox)
The VM is running. To stop this VM, you can run `vagrant halt` to
shut it down forcefully, or you can run `vagrant suspend` to simply
suspend the virtual machine. In either case, to restart it again,
simply run `vagrant up`.
suspend
> vagrant suspend
==> default: Saving VM state and suspending execution...
resume
> vagrant resume
==> default: Resuming suspended VM...
==> default: Booting VM...
==> default: Waiting for machine to boot. This may take a few minutes...
default: SSH address: 127.0.0.1:2222
default: SSH username: vagrant
default: SSH auth method: private key
default: Warning: Connection refused. Retrying...
==> default: Machine booted and ready!
destroy
vagrant destroy
default: Are you sure you want to destroy the 'default' VM? [y/N] Y
==> default: Forcing shutdown of VM...
==> default: Destroying VM and associated drives...
가상 머신을 접속해 보자.
부팅한 이후에 ssh로 접속해 보자.
vagrant up
vagrant ssh
http 서버를 설치해 보자.
sudo yum -y install httpd
http 서버를 동작 시키자.
sudo service httpd start
sudo chkconfig httpd on
방화벽을 꺼보자.
sudo service iptables stop
sudo chkconfig iptables off
웹페이지를 만들고 접속해 보자.
cd /var/www/html
sudo vi index.html
<h1> hello world. </h1>
공유 폴더를 사용해 보자.
- 호스트의 Vagrantfile이 있는 폴더가 공유 폴더가 된다.
- 가상머신은 /vagrant 폴더가 공유 폴더가 된다.
- 예제로 호스트에서 index.html을 수정해서 가상 머신의 웹서비스로 보자.
가상 머신에서 공유 폴더 설정
vagrant ssh
sudo rm -fr /var/www/html
sudo ln -fs /vagrant /var/www/html
exit
호스트에서 index.html을 만들고, 브라우져로 가상 머신에 접속해 보자.
emacs index.html
<h1> hello world from OS X </h1>
Provisioning 을 사용해 보자.
- 정의 : Vargant up이후 자동적으로 실행되는 처리를 말한다.
새로운 provision용 vm을 만들자
mkdir myOS
cd myOS
vagrant init centos64
provision 설정을 해 보자
emacs VagrantFile
config.vm.provision :shell, :inline => “echo hello world”
설정한 vm을 동작시켜 보자.
vagrant up
Bringing machine 'default' up with 'virtualbox' provider...
==> default: Importing base box 'centos64'...
==> default: Matching MAC address for NAT networking...
==> default: Setting the name of the VM: myCentOSVM2_default_1400599326027_6547
==> default: Clearing any previously set network interfaces...
==> default: Preparing network interfaces based on configuration...
default: Adapter 1: nat
==> default: Forwarding ports...
default: 22 => 2222 (adapter 1)
==> default: Booting VM...
==> default: Waiting for machine to boot. This may take a few minutes...
default: SSH address: 127.0.0.1:2222
default: SSH username: vagrant
default: SSH auth method: private key
default: Warning: Connection timeout. Retrying...
default: Warning: Remote connection disconnect. Retrying...
==> default: Machine booted and ready!
==> default: Checking for guest additions in VM...
==> default: Mounting shared folders...
default: /vagrant => /Users/mscho/Simon/vagrant/myCentOSVM2
==> default: Running provisioner: shell...
default: Running: inline script
==> default: hello world
- 마지막에 hello world가 나타나는 것을 알수 있다.
좀더 세밀한 프로비전을 해 보자.
- Vagrantfile을 열어서 설정을 바꿔 준다.
config.vm.provision :shell, :path => “provision.sh”
sudo yum -y install httpd
sudo service httpd start
sudo chkconfig httpd on
sudo service iptables stop
sudo chkconfig iptables off
자신만의 Box를 만들어 보자.
plugin을 사용해 보자.
- 여러가지 plugin이 있다.
vagrant plugin install sahara
Installing the 'sahara' plugin. This can take a few minutes...
Building nokogiri using packaged libraries.
Building libxml2-2.8.0 for nokogiri with the following patches applied:
- 0001-Fix-parser-local-buffers-size-problems.patch
- 0002-Fix-entities-local-buffers-size-problems.patch
- 0003-Fix-an-error-in-previous-commit.patch
- 0004-Fix-potential-out-of-bound-access.patch
- 0005-Detect-excessive-entities-expansion-upon-replacement.patch
- 0006-Do-not-fetch-external-parsed-entities.patch
- 0007-Enforce-XML_PARSER_EOF-state-handling-through-the-pa.patch
- 0008-Improve-handling-of-xmlStopParser.patch
- 0009-Fix-a-couple-of-return-without-value.patch
- 0010-Keep-non-significant-blanks-node-in-HTML-parser.patch
- 0011-Do-not-fetch-external-parameter-entities.patch
************************************************************************
IMPORTANT! Nokogiri builds and uses a packaged version of libxml2.
If this is a concern for you and you want to use the system library
instead, abort this installation process and reinstall nokogiri as
follows:
gem install nokogiri -- --use-system-libraries
If you are using Bundler, tell it to use the option:
bundle config build.nokogiri --use-system-libraries
bundle install
However, note that nokogiri does not necessarily support all versions
of libxml2.
For example, libxml2-2.9.0 and higher are currently known to be broken
and thus unsupported by nokogiri, due to compatibility problems and
XPath optimization bugs.
************************************************************************
************************************************************************
Building libxslt-1.1.28 for nokogiri with the following patches applied:
- 0001-Adding-doc-update-related-to-1.1.28.patch
- 0002-Fix-a-couple-of-places-where-f-printf-parameters-wer.patch
- 0003-Initialize-pseudo-random-number-generator-with-curre.patch
- 0004-EXSLT-function-str-replace-is-broken-as-is.patch
- 0006-Fix-str-padding-to-work-with-UTF-8-strings.patch
- 0007-Separate-function-for-predicate-matching-in-patterns.patch
- 0008-Fix-direct-pattern-matching.patch
- 0009-Fix-certain-patterns-with-predicates.patch
- 0010-Fix-handling-of-UTF-8-strings-in-EXSLT-crypto-module.patch
- 0013-Memory-leak-in-xsltCompileIdKeyPattern-error-path.patch
- 0014-Fix-for-bug-436589.patch
- 0015-Fix-mkdir-for-mingw.patch
************************************************************************
IMPORTANT! Nokogiri builds and uses a packaged version of libxslt.
If this is a concern for you and you want to use the system library
instead, abort this installation process and reinstall nokogiri as
follows:
gem install nokogiri -- --use-system-libraries
If you are using Bundler, tell it to use the option:
bundle config build.nokogiri --use-system-libraries
bundle install
************************************************************************
Installed the plugin 'sahara (0.0.16)'!
vagrant plugin -h
Usage: vagrant plugin <command> [<args>]
Available subcommands:
install
license
list
uninstall
update
For help on any individual command run `vagrant plugin COMMAND -h`
vagrant plugin list
sahara (0.0.16)
vagrant-login (1.0.1, system)
vagrant-share (1.0.1, system)
$ vagrant plugin uninstall sahara
Uninstalling the 'sahara' plugin...
$ vagrant plugin list
vagrant-login (1.0.1, system)
vagrant-share (1.0.1, system)
sahara를 사용해 보자.
- sahara 플러그 인은 sanabox를 지원해 준다.
- sandbox는 vm에 프로그램을 설치하거나 변경했는데, 이것을 되돌릴때 사용
vagrant sandbox on
0%...10%...20%...30%...40%...50%...60%...70%...80%...90%...100%
vagrant ssh
touch test
ls
test
exit
vagrant sandbox rollback
vagrant ssh
ls
exit
- 샌드 박스 커밋을 사용해서 확정하여 관리해 보자.
- vm동작중에는 시간이 많이 걸리므로 잠재운다.
vagrant suspend
==> default: Saving VM state and suspending execution...
vagrant sandbox commit
0%...10%...20%...30%...40%...50%...60%...70%...80%...90%...100%
0%...10%...20%...30%...40%...50%...60%...70%...80%...90%...100%
sandbox status
[default] Sandbox mode is on
vagrant sandbox off
0%...10%...20%...30%...40%...50%...60%...70%...80%...90%...100%
vagrant sandbox status
[default] Sandbox mode is off vagrant sandbox off
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